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研究卒論 仁賀崇之
環境共生型ペンションにおけるホストとゲストの多様な関係性に関する研究   舎爐夢ヒュッテ の18年

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環境共生型ペンションにおけるホストとゲストの

多様な関係性に関する研究
−「舎爐夢ヒュッテ」の18年−

 

  

 

仁賀 崇之

 

表紙

 

   

 

要旨

 

第1章           序論························································································ 1

1-1 本研究の背景·················································································· 1

1-2       本研究の目的·················································································· 1

1-3       論文の構成···················································································· 2

 

第2章           観光と宿泊施設について······························································· 3

2-1 観光について·················································································· 3

2-1-1       観光とは··············································································· 3

2-1-2       観光行動のメカニズムについて··················································· 3

2-1-3       観光における「情報」と「イメージ」の役割·································· 4

2-2 観光の現状···················································································· 5

2-2-1       国内宿泊旅行の回数································································· 5

2-2-2       国内宿泊旅行の宿泊数······························································ 6

2-2-3       国民の旅行に対する意識の動向··················································· 6

2-2-4       観光と環境について································································· 8

2-3 宿泊施設の現状··············································································· 9

2-3-1       宿泊施設と環境配慮について······················································ 9

(1)       ISO14000シリーズ······························································· 10

(2)       ECOTEL············································································ 10

(3)       グリーングローブ·································································· 11

(4)       グリーンリーフ····································································· 11

(5)       グリーン・キー····································································· 12

2-3-2       宿泊施設における環境配慮の類型について··································· 12

2-4 観光と宿泊施設についてのまとめ······················································· 15

 第2章 注及び引用、参考文献························································ 16

 

第3章           研究の目的と対象······································································ 17

3-1       本研究の目的················································································ 17

3-1-1       エコセンターについて····························································· 19

(1)       エコセンターとは·································································· 19

(2)       エコセンターが出来る背景······················································· 19

(3)       エコセンターと環境配慮の4領域の関係について··························· 20

3-2 研究対象(舎爐夢ヒュッテ)について················································· 21

3-2-1 概要··················································································· 21

3-3 本研究の調査・分析方法について······················································· 23

3-3-1       調査方法············································································· 23

(1)       舎爐夢のホームページ調査······················································· 23

(2)       文献調査············································································· 23

(3)       ヒアリング·········································································· 23

3-3-2       宿泊カード調査について·························································· 25

(1)       宿泊カードとは····································································· 25

(2)       調査手順············································································· 26

3-3-3       分析方法············································································· 27

(1)       「舎爐夢」調査における分析···················································· 27

(2)       「宿泊カード」調査における分析·············································· 28

第3章 注及び引用、参考文献··························································· 29

 

第4章           「舎爐夢」調査の結果································································ 30

4-1       舎爐夢ヒュッテの歴史····································································· 30

(1)       1期(1979年〜1988年):萌芽期·········································· 30

(2)       2期(1989年〜2000年):成長期·········································· 31

(3)       3期(2000年〜):成熟期···················································· 32

4-1-1 舎爐夢の歴史のまとめ、考察···················································· 33

4-2       舎爐夢のシステムについて(第3期)················································· 37

4-2-1       宿泊システムについて····························································· 37

(1)       宿泊のタイプ······································································· 37

(2)       基本的なプログラム······························································· 38

(3)       舎爐夢での規則····································································· 42

(4)       コミュニティー····································································· 42

4-2-2 生活システム(第3期)·························································· 45

(1)       施設・設備について······························································· 45

(2)       環境配慮について·································································· 45

(3)       農業··················································································· 48

4-3 舎爐夢のプログラム········································································ 49

4-3-1       プログラムの変遷(第1期・第2期・第3期)······························ 49

4-4 「舎爐夢」調査の結果のまとめ、考察················································· 51

第4章 注及び引用、参考文献··························································· 54

 

第5章           「宿泊カード」調査における結果·················································· 55

5-1       舎爐夢に来るゲスト(全体)の特徴について········································· 55

(1)       年度別の「ゲスト数」の推移···················································· 55

(2)       年度別の「年齢層」の推移······················································· 57

(3)       年度別の「男女比」の推移······················································· 58

(4)       年度別の「グループ構成」の推移·············································· 59

(5)       年度別の「動機」の推移························································· 60

(6)       年度別の「リピーター数」、「リピート数」の推移··························· 61

(7)       都道府県別におけるゲストの割合·············································· 63

5-1-1       舎爐夢に来るゲストの特徴のまとめ············································ 64

5-2 ビギナーについて·········································································· 65

5-2-1       ビギナーの舎爐夢に来た動機···················································· 65

5-2-2       ビギナーが見てきた雑誌のタイプ分け········································· 66

1) 雑誌のタイプ分け方法、結果···················································· 66

5-2-3       雑誌タイプの年度別の傾向······················································· 68

5-2-4       ビギナーのタイプ分け····························································· 70

5-2-5       ビギナーについてのまとめ、考察··············································· 72

5-3 リピーターについて········································································ 75

5-3-1       リピート行動について····························································· 75

5-3-2       リピーターの追跡調査····························································· 76

(1)       分析方法············································································· 76

(2)       対象··················································································· 76

5-3-3       リピーターの特徴·································································· 77

5-3-4       リピーターのタイプについて···················································· 78

(1)       閉鎖型リピーター·································································· 78

(2)       連鎖型リピーター·································································· 78

5-3-5       リピーターについてのまとめ、考察············································ 79

5-4 宿泊カード調査の結果のまとめ、考察················································· 81

第5章 注及び引用、参考文献··························································· 83

 

第6章           結論······················································································· 84

6-1       緒言··························································································· 84

6-2       舎爐夢の変遷と多様性について·························································· 84

(1)       1················································································ 85

(2)       2················································································ 86

(3)       3················································································ 88

6-3       舎爐夢ヒュッテとは········································································ 90

1) 舎爐夢の特徴······································································· 90

2) 舎爐夢に来るゲスト······························································· 91

6-4       環境共生型ペンションの要素について················································· 93

6-5       エコセンターとしてみた舎爐夢ヒュッテ·············································· 94

6-5-1 エコセンターとしての舎爐夢の位置付け······································ 94

6-5-2 舎爐夢型エコセンターの特徴と限界············································ 94

6-5 今後の課題··················································································· 96

謝辞·································································································· 97

 

図 表 目 次

図目次

1-1 論文の全体構成··········································································· 2

2-1 観光行動のメカニズム··································································· 4

2-2 国民1人当たりの宿泊観光旅行回数及び宿泊数の推移(平均)················· 6

2-3 今後の生活の力点········································································· 7

2-4 今後の生活の力点の推移································································ 8

2-5 宿泊施設における環境配慮の4領域················································· 13

2-6 現在、環境配慮を行う宿泊施設が主に取り組む領域····························· 14

3-1 研究対象とする宿泊施設が取り組むべき環境配慮の領域······················· 17

3-2 宿泊施設のタイプ別、環境配慮の領域·············································· 18

3-3 エコセンターの成立背景······························································· 19

3-4 エコセンターの環境配慮の領域······················································ 20

写真3-1 エコセンター(スウェーデン)の汚水の簡易な浄化システムの展示······· 21

写真3-2 エコセンター(スウェーデン)のエコトイレの展示·························· 21

3-5 舎爐夢周辺の地図······································································· 21

写真3-3 宿泊カード(実物)································································· 25

3-6 宿泊カード入力用データベース······················································ 26

3-7 舎爐夢調査における分析フロー······················································ 27

3-8 宿泊カード調査における分析フロー················································· 28

4-1 舎爐夢の3つの時期···································································· 30

4-2 環境イメージの発達過程······························································· 34

4-3 取り組み・プログラムの変遷························································· 36

写真4-1 トイレにおいてある部屋別のタオル·············································· 37

写真4-2 舎爐夢&コミュニティー···························································· 38

写真4-3 自然食のコース料理(ディナー)················································· 39

写真4-4 スライドを使った安曇野案内の模様·············································· 39

写真4-5 オーナーの説明の模様······························································· 40

写真4-6 パーマカルチャーガーデン························································· 40

写真4-7 パンや野菜など自分で盛り付ける朝食··········································· 41

4-4 ゲストAのプログラム組み合わせ例················································ 41

写真4-8 舎爐夢の無人売店···································································· 42

写真4-9 舎爐夢コミュニティー······························································· 42

写真4-10 シャンテバザールの中の様子····················································· 43

写真4-11 ファーマーズの様子································································ 44

写真4-12 保育の様子··········································································· 44

写真4-13 共有フロア−にある暖炉·························································· 45

写真4-14 サニタニーバック··································································· 46

写真4-15 トイレ&説明書き··································································· 47

写真4-16 舎爐夢の備品········································································ 47

写真4-17 耕さない舎爐夢の畑································································ 48

4-5 舎爐夢のプログラム構造図(第3期)·············································· 50

4-6 舎爐夢における環境配慮の領域(第1期)········································ 52

4-7 舎爐夢における環境配慮の領域(第2期)········································ 53

4-8 舎爐夢における環境配慮の領域(第3期)········································ 53

5-1 年度別の個人数、グループ数の推移················································· 56

5-2 年度別のゲストの年齢層の推移······················································ 57

5-3 年度別の男女比の推移································································· 58

5-4 年度別のグループ構成の推移························································· 59

5-5 年度別の動機の推移···································································· 60

5-6 年度別のリピーター数、リピート率の推移········································ 61

5-7 年度別のリピート回数の推移························································· 62

5-8  都道府県別のゲスト数································································· 63

5-9  都道府県別の人口に占めるゲストの割合··········································· 64

5-10  年度別の動機の割合··································································· 66

5-11 年度別雑誌のタイプ別の割合(その他は除く)································· 68

5-12 年度別雑誌のタイプ別の割合(一般旅行系、その他は除く)················ 69

5-13 雑誌タイプからのビギナー層の抽出··············································· 71

5-14 ゲストの舎爐夢に対する認識······················································· 72

5-15 年度別のゲストタイプの変遷······················································· 73

5-16 年度別のゲストタイプの変遷(一般旅行層は除く)··························· 74

5-17 リピート行動のメカニズム·························································· 75

5-18 リピート回数別のリピーターの数·················································· 76

5-19 舎爐夢の発展モデル··································································· 80

6-1 年度別のビギナータイプの変遷······················································ 84

6-2 舎爐夢における環境配慮の領域(第1期)········································ 85

6-3 第1期におけるホスト、ゲスト、環境イメージの関係·························· 85

6-4 舎爐夢における環境配慮の領域(第2期)········································ 86

6-5 第2期におけるホスト、ゲスト、環境イメージの関係·························· 87

6-6 舎爐夢における環境配慮の領域(第3期)········································ 88

6-7 第3期におけるホスト、ゲスト、環境イメージの関係·························· 89

6-8 舎爐夢の発展モデル···································································· 92

6-9 媒介役としての舎爐夢································································· 94

 

表目次

2-1 国民1人あたり平均宿泊旅行回数及び宿泊数······································· 5

2-2 現在の生活に対する満足度−レジャー・余暇生活−······························· 7

2-3 環境認証の種類と内容································································· 10

2-4 環境配慮の4領域の取り組み内容··················································· 13

3-1 舎爐夢の会の内容······································································· 22

3-2 舎爐夢が掲載された雑誌リスト······················································ 24

3-3 宿泊カードの年度別の枚数···························································· 25

4-1 意味的参加のはしごと舎爐夢の歴史の対応········································ 35

4-2 舎爐夢の歴史の変遷···································································· 36

4-3 宿泊タイプとその内容································································· 37

4-4 舎爐夢のプログラム(2003年度)·················································· 50

5-1 宿泊カードのデータ項目······························································· 54

5-2 雑誌のタイプとその説明······························································· 67

5-3 ビギナーの層とその説明······························································· 70

5-4 リピータータイプ別のデータ(一部)·············································· 77

6-1 第1期における意味的参加のはしご················································· 85

6-2 第2期における意味的参加のはしご················································· 86

6-3 第3期における意味的参加のはしご················································· 88

6-4 ビギナーの層とその説明······························································· 92